Evolution Of Computer
2.
Abacus was invented by Egyptians and later
developed by Chinese and Japanese.
3.
A manual calculating device was developed by
John Napier which was capable of performing multiplication, division and
finding square root of a number.
4.
Pascaline was the calculating machine developed
by Blaise Pascal and was able to perform only addition and subtraction.
However, multiplication could be performed through repeated ddition.
5.
Lady Ada Lovelace Augusta, an associate of
Charles Babbage, is said to be the first programmer of the Universe.
6.
Mark-I was the first mechanical computer
developed by Howard H. Aiken. It was based on the concept of Babbage's
Analytical Engine.
7.
ENIAC was the first electronic computer
developed by J. Presper Eckert and John
Mauchly.
8.
The major drawbacks of vacuum tubes in the first
generation computers were heat dissipation and high power consumption.
9.
The application of integrated circuits (ICs) in
the third generation computers, drastically reduced the size of computers. In
this generation Keyboards were introduced.
10.
At present, we are moving through the fifth
generation of computers where Artificial Intelligence, Parallel Processing,
Robotics, etc. are the prime attraction of these computers.
11.
The computer is an electronic device that
accepts data, processes it and produces meaningful result.
12.
The physical or machine components of a computer
are known as hardware.
13.
A set of programs used for the smooth
functioning of a computer system is known as software.
14.
Computer operations take place in a cyclic order called the IPO
cycle (Input - Process - Output).
15.
A device responsible for feeding instructions
and data to a computer, is known as an input device.
16.
A device responsible for giving out the result
of data processing is called an output device.
17.
The CPU stands for Central Processing Unit and
is known as the brain of the computer. It is responsible for controlling all
other devices of the computer system. It includes main memory, ALU, CU and
registers.
18.
The main memory of a computer also called the
primary memory, is used to store instructions or data. input from the input
device. It also stores the result of data processing.
19.
RAM stands for Random Access Memory which is a
part of the main memory, and is volatile in nature. i.e., the contents will get
erased, the moment the power supply goes off or the computer is switched off.
20.
ROM stands for Read Only Memory that can be
used, only to read the information stored on it. ROM is non-volatile in nature,
ie., the contents will remain intact, even if the power supply goes off or the
computer is switched off.
21.
The Control Unit (CU) is responsible for taking
decisions on the given instructions.
22.
The ALU stands for Arithmetic and Logic Unit and
is used to perform the arithmetical and logical operations.
23. The secondary storage unit is responsible for storing a program or data for a longer period, to be used in future.
You can Purchased the course and Notes from us.